Day 2 :
Keynote Forum
Thomas J Webster
Northeastern University, USA
Keynote: Was price charles right ? Nanotechnology will create a grey goo surrounding the earth ?
Biography:
Thomas J Webster’s (H index: 84) degrees are in chemical engineering from the University of Pittsburgh (B.S., 1995) and in biomedical engineering from RPI (M.S.,1997; Ph.D., 2000). Prof. Webster has graduated/supervised over 149 visiting faculty, clinical fellows, post-doctoral students, and thesis completing B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. students. He is the founding editor-in-chief of the International Journal of Nanomedicine (5-year impact factor of 5.03). Prof. Webster is a fellow of AIMBE,BMES, IUSBE, and NAI. He also served as the President of SFB. He has appeared on BBC, NBC, ABC, Fox News, and other news outlets talking about medicine.
Abstract:
Statement of the problem: Nanotechnology, or the use of materials with at least one dimension less than 100 nm, may provide a non-drug approach to improving disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. This is because nanoparticles can have prolonged circulation in the body due to avoidance of immune system clearance, penetrate biofilms and bacteria when conventional
drugs cannot, and can target intracellular mammalian cellular internal mechanisms to enhance cell adhesion, proliferation,and differentiation. Moreover, nanoparticles of specific chemistry (such as iron, selenium, magnesium, ceria, zinc and silver) can elevate intra-bacteria levels to kill bacteria without affecting mammalian cell functions. In contrast, synthetic materials used as medical devices today are typically composed of millimeter or micron sized particles and/or fiber dimensions and have no ability to fight bacteria, inhibit scar tissue, and promote tissue growth. Although human cells are on the micron scale, their individual components, e.g. proteins, are composed of nanometer features. By modifying only the nanofeatures on material surfaces without changing surface chemistry, it is also possible to decrease medical infection by increasing the endogenous adsorption of anti-bacterial adhesive proteins onto the medical device surface. Finally, nanomedicine has been shown to stimulate the growth and differentiation of stem cells, which may someday be used to further decrease implant infection since stem cells secrete factors known to kill bacteria. Most importantly, conventional methods of synthesizing nanoparticles often involve the use of harsh chemicals, catalysts, and even toxic chemicals. Yet, contemporary methods of fabricating nanomaterials
have shown that one can make more effective nanoparticles for medical applications using green chemistry. This invited talk will highlight some of these advancements and emphasize current green chemistry nanomaterials currently approved by the US FDA for human implantation for medical applications.
Keynote Forum
Hong Liu
Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, China
Keynote: Design, synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of multi-targeted tetrahydroprotoberberine derivatives (THPBs)
Biography:
Hong Liu received her M.S. and Ph.D. in medicinal chemistry from the China Pharmaceutical University in 1996 and 1999. After a postdoctoral at Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, she was appointed to the faculty of Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica in 2001. As a visiting scientist, she stayed at University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston for two years. Dr. Liu’s efforts mainly dedicate to the research of pharmaceutical chemistry and drug design and discovery. She is also focusing on the development of new organic synthetic methodologies, building focused combinatorial libraries, and the discovery and optimization of lead compounds for new drugs.
Abstract:
Tetrahydroprotoberberines (THPBs) belong to a class of tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids with multiple bioactivities derived
mainly from Chinese medicinal herbs. An effective and rapid method for the microwave-assisted preparation of the key intermediate for the total synthesis of THPBs including l-stepholidine (l-SPD) was developed. A series of new THPB derivatives were designed, synthesized, and tested for their binding affinity towards dopamine (D1 and D2) and serotonin (5-HT1A and
5-HT2A) receptors. Many of the THPB compounds exhibited high binding affinity and activity at the dopamine D1 receptor, as well as high selectivity for the D1 receptor over the D2, 5-HT1A, and 5-HT2A receptors. On the basis of the pharmacophore model of the marketed drug silodosin, THPBs were modified by introducing an indole segment into their core scaffolds. In calcium assays, 7 compounds displayed excellent antagonistic activities against α1A-ARs, with IC50 less than 250 nM. In the functional assay using isolated rat tissues, compound (S)-27 inhibited norepinephrineinduced urethra smooth muscle contraction potently, without inhibiting the aortic contraction, displaying a better tissue selectivity than the marketed drug silodosin. Additional results of preliminary safety studies and pharmacokinetics studies indicated the potential druggability for compound (S)-27 which is a promising lead for the development of selective α1A-AR antagonists for the treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH).
- Waste Monitoring & Management
Chair
Thomas J Webster
Northeastern University, USA
Co-Chair
Ram K Gupta
Pittsburg State University, USA
Session Introduction
Albert Robbat Jr
Tufts University, USA
Title: Hazardous waste site remediation of heavy hydrocarbons using biopolymer and polystyrene foam beads
Biography:
Albert Robbat, Jr., is the Directors of both the Tufts University Sensory and Science Center and Center for Field Analytical Studies and Technology and a member of the chemistry department. Professor Robbat’s research interests include how climate affects the sensory and nutritional compounds in plant-based foods as well as developing green solutions aimed at investigating and remediating hazardous waste sites. Toward this end, Dr. Robbat has developed new instrumentation and data analysis software that provides the means to analyze target compounds in 5-10 min and detailed metabolomic profiles of plant-based materials.
Abstract:
A sustainable, green chemistry process is proposed for the cleanup of coal tar and petroleum hydrocarbon impacted sediment and soil in < 2 hr. A mixture of proteins and polypeptides, extracted from corn gluten meal and hemp, when
mixed with solids and polystyrene foam pellets (PFP), serves to mobilize heavy hydrocarbons, which sorb onto PFP. Since the sorbent floats, heavy hydrocarbons are easily extracted from the agitation vessel. An empirically-derived 4-dimensional surface response model predicts removal rates and operational costs under various experimental conditions. At optimum relative to cost, 81% of two to six ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and 80% of the total hydrocarbon mass are removed despite the high organic carbon content (16.4%) and silty fines (~ 85%). Two cycles (n=2) of the same solid/biosurfactant mixture yields 94% extraction of PAH. Scanning electron microscope images illustrate free-phase tar (globule) sorption onto the foam. A field pilot was conducted in which 25 kg of sediment was processed. Results were in excellent agreement with both lab (10 g) experiments and model predictions. The process is considered sustainable and green because the active ingredients are derived from renewable crop materials, recycled polystyrene, and is recyclable, which reduces water demand and treatment costs, with recovered hydrocarbons used as fuel. Both large-scale batch and continuous process results confirm lab findings.
Moshira M Salem
Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Egypt
Title: The decline of scale-forming ions in seawater using pure and modified kaolinite
Biography:
Moshira M Salem works as an Assistant researcher in Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Analysis & Evaluation Department, water analysis Laboratory.Qualified Analytical Chemist with over five years’ experience in Research and Development in Analytical Chemistry in Central Lab. Services, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute. Her primary area of expertise is in water treatment, focused on: water assessment, water treatment, nonmaterial synthesis and application etc. Possess good expertise in nanoparticle synthesis and their Characterization techniques.
Abstract:
Mineral scale membrane fouling is a major problem often encountered in the reverse osmosis membranes while desalination of seawater. Proper pre-treatment is the vital factor to reverse osmosis of seawater (RO). The poor feed water quality can lead to decrease in the membrane lifetime, a short period of operation, and high maintenance cost. Cost effective and eco-friendly silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) were synthesized using banana peel extract as the reducing agent. Ag-NPs are characterized using SEM, UV–Vis, and XRD spectroscopic techniques. Ag-NPs were synthesized promptly within 25 min
of incubation period and Ag-NPs showed an absorption peak at 380-500 nm in the UV-visible spectrum. TEM and XRD spectrum confirmed the formation of metallic silver with average size 23 nm. Ag/kaolinite Nano-composite was prepared by impregnation of Ag-NPs which prepared by green synthesis. The kinetics of the adsorption of (Mg+2, Ca+2, Ba+2, Sr+2 and SO4-2) ions from sea water on the pure and modified kaolinite by Ag-NPs were studied by using batch method. The adsorption capacities of pure and modified kaolinite were investigated under the variable experimental condition of; the amount of
adsorbent, pH, temperature and contact time, also, the adsorption kinetic data were also determined to the pure and modified kaolinite. The results show that modification of kaolinite by Ag-NPs enhances its adsorption capacity for Ca+2, Mg+2, Ba+2, Sr+2 and SO4-2 ions. The FTIR spectra showed that certain functional groups are responsible for binding the metal ions from solution. The nature of the modified kaolinite was revealed by the good fit of the data to the kinetic model (pseudo-second order kinetics model are higher than those of the pseudo-first-order kinetics model), these results indicate that modified kaolinite is potentially a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of scale-forming ions from solution.
- Green Catalysis
Chair
Thomas J Webster
Northeastern University, USA
Co-Chair
Ram K Gupta
Pittsburg State University, USA
Session Introduction
Sofia Strekalova
FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Russia
Title: Electrochemical approach to phosphorylation of aromatic compounds
Biography:
Sofia Strekalova graduated from Kazan Federal University, Chemistry faculty, in 2014 and now she is doing her Ph.D. in the laboratory of Electrochemical Synthesis (Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS) directed by Budnikova Yu. Her research interests include electrochemistry, catalysis, phosphorylation reactions. Strekalova S. is a holder of Kazan city mayor scholarship in 2016 and the winner of the contest "The Best Young Scientist of the Republic of Tatarstan" (Russia) among postgraduate students in 2017.
Abstract:
The synthesis of aryl phosphonates via direct phosphorylation of aromatic C-H bonds under electrochemical mild conditions is regarded as one of the most important approaches because it meets the generally accepted criteria of green
chemistry in compared to traditional approaches. We carried out a series of experiments to obtain phosphorylated aromatic compounds (benzene and its derivatives, coumarins, pyridine, etc.) under electrochemical oxidative and reductive conditions using monometallic ([CoIIbpy], [NiIIbpy], [MnIIbpy]) and bimetallic ([CoIIbpy]/[MnIIbpy], [NiIIbpy]/[MnIIbpy]) catalytic systems. Thus in a series of experiments the products of phosphorylation of aromatic compounds were obtained under electrochemical mild conditions in good yield (up to 80%) and 100% conversion of H-phosphonate.