4^th International Conference on Past and Present Research Systems of Green Chemistry October 16-18, 2017 Atlanta, Georgia, USA

Seong Baek Yang is a PhD student, conducting research on nanomaterial manufacturing and spinning. He is also interested in the production of nanocomposites using biopolymers and environmentally friendly polymers, and is actively conducting research on nanocomposite manufacturing using electrospinning and centrifugal spinning. In addition, PVA, a biocompatible polymer, has produced and reported for cosmetics, biomedical microspheres, fibers, and films, and fibers oriented by centrifugal spinning and improved electrospinning have reported. He focuses on the development of a variety of materials that are needed for the future industry and that will be applied in a variety of areas.

Centrifugal-jet spinning is an emerging technique for fabricating micro-to-nanofibers in recent years. Compared with electro-spinning, it showed advantages of high production rate and insensitive dielectric constant of materials. In particular, this spinning technique is effective for preparing aligned fibers. Aligned fibrous mats have potential applications for composite materials, reinforcements, electrochemical sensing, bone and blood vessel engineering and tissue engineering which often require well-aligned and highly ordered architectures. By studying the orientation of the nanofibers according to the position of the collector in the centrifugal spinning system, it is possible to take the convenience of the process. Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is a semi-crystalline hydrophilic polymer with good chemical and thermal stability. It has many appealing features such as biocompatibility, high water permeability, easy process ability and chemical resistance. In this study, we investigated the factors affecting nanofiber formation, and studied the morphology of nanofibers collected at the collector and the positions where the fibers were formed according to the changes of the factors by using PVA. The morphological changes were observed in detail by field-emission scanning electron microscopy. The prepared PVA nanofiber webs and highly aligned nanofibers were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetric technique.

Seong Baek Yang is a PhD student, conducting research on nanomaterial manufacturing and spinning. He is also interested in the production of nanocomposites using biopolymers and environmentally friendly polymers, and is actively conducting research on nanocomposite manufacturing using electrospinning and centrifugal spinning. In addition, PVA, a biocompatible polymer, has produced and reported for cosmetics, biomedical microspheres, fibers, and films, and fibers oriented by centrifugal spinning and improved electrospinning have reported. He focuses on the development of a variety of materials that are needed for the future industry and that will be applied in a variety of areas.

The development of internal combustion engines has actively pursued as the intensity of fuel consumption and environmental regulations for automotive parts has increased, the research speed for the development of lightweight parts has rapidly developed. Composite/carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) have been extensively developed in the modern automotive industry, and their applications in many military and commercial airplanes are steadily growing because of their enhanced characteristics as well as high strength-to-weight ratio, excellent corrosion/erosion resistance, high design flexibility, and the exceptional ability to withstand high stresses in service while reducing weight. In general, CFRP reinforcement materials are applied according to the externally bonded reinforcement system. Olefin polymer generally used as adhesives for bonding carbon fiber reinforced plastics owing to the outstanding adhesive strength of polypropylene to polypropylene composites. The discovery of carbon nanotubes (CNT) with their extraordinary physical and mechanical properties has led to unique approaches of employing them as ideal reinforcements in advanced nanocomposites. Therefore, in this research, the bonding strength between CFT (continuous fiber thermoplastic) and LFT (long fiber thermoplastic) was developed using CNT reinforced materials. The polypropylene/CNT composite resin was made by mechanical distribution of the CNT in polypropylene. The bonding made between CFT and LFT using this composite is improved by its physical properties. Polypropylene/CNT composites were used for a mechanical adhesion between CFT and LFT.

Aranzazu Garcia.B. is a senior scientist at Instituto de la Grasa, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), has extensive experience in the extraction and purification of phenolic compounds from virgin olive oil, olive by-products and other plants. She has a wide knowledge in the biological activities of in vitro phytochemicals and special interest in strategies that allows the production and use of bioactive substances through environmentally friendly techniques. For this, has developed methods for obtaining phytochemicals using green-solvents and is currently involved in the research of new eco-friendly eutectic solvents.

Olive pomace, alpeorujo, is the single and pollutant by-product generated during the extraction of virgin olive oil, which is a serious environmental problem. Alpeorujo is rich in phenolic compounds, potent natural antioxidants with bioactive activities. Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) are emerging solvents due to its versatility and ability to solubilize organic material such as polyphenols. In this work we studied the capacity of DESs to obtain polyphenols from fresh alpeorujo of the Manzanilla cultivar in different extractive conditions. The effect of temperature (25ºC, 40ºC), time (1 h, 24 h) and ratio alpeorujo : solvent (1:1 and 1:2) on the extraction of polyphenols, was analyzed comparing two DESs prepared with Choline Choride-glycerol (EU-1) and Choline Choride-Xylitol (EU-2) with the conventional solvent methanol in aqueous mixtures 80% v/v (C-1), 50% v/v (C-2) and water (C-3). Phenolic extracts were analyzed in HPLC-DAD and HPLC-ESI IT/TOF-MS. Figure 1 shows the sum of phenolic compounds individually quantify obtained in different conditions. At the two studied temperatures DESs were most extractive than conventional solvents. The use of 40ºC led to significantly more efficient extractions than to 25ºC for DESs and C-1. Comparing the extractive efficiency of eutectic solvents, DES-2 was more extractive than DES-1 at 40 °C. We found that 40 °C, ratio solvent : alpeorujo (1:1) and 1h of extraction time were the more effective conditions. When phenols were individually analyzed, we denoted that DESs were able to extract mainly phenols of low polarity and bioactive molecules such as oleocanthal, oleacin, others derivates of ligstroside and oleuropein and the phenylpropanoid verbascoside. In this study we have determined the highest efficiency of DESs obtaining polyphenols from alpeorujo when compared to conventional solvents. These results propose DESs as efficient and environment-friendly alternative to conventional methanol extraction of bioactive molecules from olive oil waste.